Protein Synthesis

Front

What is the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis?

Back

rRNA is a component of ribosomes, which are the sites of protein synthesis. It helps in the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

Front

What sugar is found in RNA, and how does it differ from DNA?

Back

RNA contains ribose sugar, while DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, which lacks one oxygen atom.

Front

Where does transcription occur in a eukaryotic cell?

Back

Transcription occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

Front

What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA) in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.

Front

Define a codon and its significance in protein synthesis.

Back

A codon is a three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the process of translation in protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain.

Front

What are the main differences between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded, contains deoxyribose sugar, and uses thymine; RNA is single-stranded, contains ribose sugar, and uses uracil instead of thymine.

Front

What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the corresponding codon on the mRNA.

Front

Explain the significance of the start codon in protein synthesis.

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What is the function of the promoter region in transcription?

Back

The promoter region is a sequence of DNA that initiates transcription by providing a binding site for RNA polymerase.