Punnett Squares

Front

What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a cross between two parents, showing the possible combinations of alleles.

Front

What does it mean for an allele to be dominant?

Back

A dominant allele is one that expresses its trait in the phenotype even when only one copy is present (heterozygous condition).

Front

What is the expected genotype ratio for offspring when both parents are heterozygous (Dd) for a trait?

Back

1 DD : 2 Dd : 1 dd.

Front

What is the phenotype of an individual with the genotype 'Bb'?

Back

The phenotype is the same as that of an individual with the genotype 'BB' if 'B' is the dominant allele.

Front

What is the probability that a child will inherit a dominant trait if both parents are heterozygous?

Back

There is a 75% chance that the child will inherit the dominant trait.

Front

What is a karyotype?

Back

A karyotype is a visual representation of an individual's chromosomes, used to determine gender and identify chromosomal abnormalities.

Front

How can you determine the gender of an individual from a karyotype?

Back

The presence of XY chromosomes indicates a male, while XX chromosomes indicate a female.

Front

What is the significance of a pedigree chart in genetics?

Back

A pedigree chart is used to track the inheritance of traits through generations in a family.

Front

How many generations are typically represented in a pedigree chart?

Back

A pedigree chart can represent multiple generations, often 3 to 4 or more, depending on the family history being studied.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual (the alleles), while phenotype refers to the observable traits or characteristics.