Wetlands

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What is a wetland?

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A wetland is a land area that is saturated with water, either permanently or seasonally, where oxygen-free processes prevail. Wetlands are crucial ecosystems that support a variety of plant and animal life.

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How do wetlands purify water?

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Wetlands purify water by slowing down water flow, allowing sediments and pollutants to settle out before the water moves on.

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What are the two main types of wetlands?

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The two main types of wetlands are freshwater wetlands (like marshes and swamps) and saltwater wetlands (like mangroves and salt marshes).

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What is an estuary?

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An estuary is a coastal area where freshwater from rivers meets and mixes with saltwater from the ocean, creating a brackish water environment.

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What is an abiotic factor?

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An abiotic factor is a nonliving element in an ecosystem, such as sunlight, temperature, water, and minerals.

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What role do wetlands play in flood control?

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Wetlands act as natural sponges, absorbing excess rainwater and reducing the risk of flooding in surrounding areas.

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What is the significance of biodiversity in wetlands?

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Biodiversity in wetlands is significant because it supports a wide range of species, contributes to ecosystem resilience, and provides essential services like water filtration and habitat.

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What are some human activities that can harm wetlands?

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Human activities that can harm wetlands include pollution, draining for agriculture, urban development, and the introduction of invasive species.

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What is the difference between a marsh and a swamp?

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A marsh is a wetland dominated by herbaceous plants, while a swamp is a wetland dominated by woody plants like trees and shrubs.

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How do wetlands contribute to carbon storage?

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Wetlands store carbon by accumulating organic matter in waterlogged conditions, which slows down decomposition and allows carbon to be sequestered in the soil.

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