Unit 3 Review

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A gene is a segment of DNA that encodes instructions for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the main structural difference between RNA and DNA?

Back

RNA has a ribose sugar backbone, while DNA has a deoxyribose sugar backbone.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA has a double helix structure composed of a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases.

Front

What attaches to the nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The sugar-phosphate backbone attaches to the nitrogenous bases in DNA.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the role of environmental influences in genetics?

Back

Environmental influences can affect gene expression and contribute to phenotypic variation.

Front

What is epigenetics?

Back

Epigenetics is the study of changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence.

Front

What is the start codon in RNA?

Back

The start codon in RNA is AUG, which codes for the amino acid Methionine.

Front

What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

Back

mRNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.