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What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

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What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene, such as BB or bb.

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What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Bb.

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What are alleles?

Back

Alleles are different versions of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

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What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

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What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, specifically the alleles present for a particular gene.

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What is the significance of dominant and recessive alleles?

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Dominant alleles mask the effect of recessive alleles in heterozygous individuals, determining the phenotype.

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What is the expected phenotype ratio in a monohybrid cross?

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The expected phenotype ratio in a monohybrid cross is typically 3:1 for dominant to recessive traits.

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How do you determine the possible gametes from a genotype?

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To determine the possible gametes from a genotype, list all combinations of alleles that can be passed on to offspring.

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What is the purpose of a test cross?

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A test cross is used to determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype by crossing it with a homozygous recessive individual.