AP Biology Unit 2 Cell Structure & Function

Front

What is the main producer of ATP in all eukaryotes?

Back

Mitochondria

Front

What is a major component of the lipid bilayer cell membrane that is amphipathic?

Back

Phospholipids

Front

What does it mean when we say the hydrophilic head of a phospholipid 'loves' water?

Back

It is polar.

Front

What is the surface area to volume ratio of a cube cell with a volume of 2 cm?

Back

3:1 or 3.1

Front

What does 'semipermeable' mean in the context of cell membranes?

Back

A material allows some substances to pass, but blocks others.

Front

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid consists of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails.

Front

Why are phospholipids important in cell membranes?

Back

They form the lipid bilayer, which is essential for membrane structure and function.

Front

What role do mitochondria play in cellular respiration?

Back

They convert biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP.

Front

How does the amphipathic nature of phospholipids affect cell membrane permeability?

Back

It creates a barrier that is impermeable to polar and ionic substances.

Front

What is the significance of the surface area to volume ratio in cells?

Back

A higher ratio allows for more efficient exchange of materials with the environment.