5 APHuG: Agriculture

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Intensive Farming

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Type of agriculture that uses high levels of inputs such as labor, fertilizer or irrigation to maximize crop yields. Often used in areas with high population density and little available farm land.

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Metes and bounds system

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System of land surveying that relies on descriptions of land ownership and natural features such as streams or trees; imprecise in nature.

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Agribusiness

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Commercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry.

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Subsistence farming

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Production of food primarily for the family, often found in less developed countries or on land that is not very useful for agriculture.

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Cash crop

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An agricultural crop which is grown for sale to return a profit.

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Columbian Exchange

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The exchange of plants, animals, and disease between the Old World (Europe, Africa, and Asia) and the New World (North and South America) after 1492.

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Slash and burn agriculture

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The practice of removing vegetation using sharp hand tools and then burning the area to create an ash layer in which crops are planted, usually by hand with a digging stick.

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Commercial farming

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A form of agriculture undertaken in order to generate products for sale off of the farm in order to make a profit.

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Food security

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Physical, social, and economic access at all times to safe and nutritious food sufficient to meet the dietary needs and food preferences of an active and healthy life.

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Market gardening/truck farming

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Small scale production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers as cash crops sold directly to local consumers.