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What is sickle-cell disease?

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A genetic disorder that results in abnormally shaped blood cells, leading to various health complications.

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What is genetic engineering?

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The manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology to create desired traits.

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What is a pedigree chart?

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A diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors.

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What are multiple alleles?

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More than two alternative forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus on a chromosome.

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What is Down syndrome?

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A genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21, often resulting in developmental delays and physical features.

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What is meiosis?

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A type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in the production of gametes.

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What is the significance of human insulin in genetic engineering?

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Human insulin is produced through genetic engineering to treat diabetes, showcasing the practical benefits of this technology.

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What is a trait?

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A characteristic or feature of an organism that is expressed by genes.

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What is the role of chromosomes in genetics?

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Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain DNA and carry genetic information.

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What is a gene?

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A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or set of proteins.