DNA Structure and Components Flashcard

Front

What is the structure of DNA commonly referred to as?

Back

Double helix

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A segment of DNA that controls a specific trait.

Front

What does the term 'semi-conservative' mean in the context of DNA replication?

Back

Each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one new strand.

Front

What is the primary function of DNA in cells?

Back

To store genetic information.

Front

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Back

Phosphate group, sugar, nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Back

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine.

Front

How do the nitrogenous bases pair in DNA?

Back

Adenine pairs with Thymine, and Cytosine pairs with Guanine.

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

It synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends of a DNA strand?

Back

They indicate the directionality of the DNA strand, which is important for replication and transcription.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.