Speciation (7.10), Extinction (7.11) & Variations (7.12)

Front

What is the term for variability in the genetic makeup among individuals within a single species that improves their ability to respond to environmental changes?

Back

Genetic diversity

Front

What type of speciation occurs due to geographic isolation?

Back

Allopatric speciation

Front

What is the condition called when an organism has extra sets of chromosomes?

Back

Polyploidy

Front

What is the ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch, primarily due to human activity?

Back

Sixth Extinction

Front

What is the average rate at which species become extinct over the long term called?

Back

Background extinction rate

Front

What is the process by which new species arise from existing species?

Back

Speciation

Front

What is the term for the loss of a species from a particular habitat or the entire planet?

Back

Extinction

Front

What is the difference between mass extinction and background extinction?

Back

Mass extinction is a rapid loss of a large number of species, while background extinction is a gradual process of species disappearing over time.

Front

What is the role of genetic drift in evolution?

Back

Genetic drift is a mechanism of evolution that refers to random changes in allele frequencies in a population.

Front

What is the significance of adaptive radiation in speciation?

Back

Adaptive radiation is the process by which organisms diversify rapidly into a variety of forms to adapt to different environments.