AP BIO Unit 3: Enzyme Function and Activity

Front

What is the optimal temperature range for enzymes in thermophilic bacteria?

Back

Their enzymes have high optimal temperatures, allowing them to function in hot springs.

Front

What molecule is primarily responsible for providing energy for cellular processes?

Back

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the primary energy carrier in cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Front

Define an endergonic reaction.

Back

An endergonic reaction is characterized by a positive ΔG and is nonspontaneous, meaning it requires energy input.

Front

What is the role of the active site in an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the region on the enzyme where substrates bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

Why can enzymes be used repeatedly in reactions?

Back

Enzymes are not altered by the reactions they catalyze, allowing them to be reused.

Front

What is the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?

Back

Enzyme activity typically increases with temperature up to a certain point (optimal temperature), after which it may denature.

Front

What is enzyme denaturation?

Back

Denaturation is the process where an enzyme loses its functional shape due to extreme conditions, such as high temperature or pH.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Front

How do competitive inhibitors affect enzyme activity?

Back

Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of an enzyme, preventing substrate binding and reducing enzyme activity.

Front

What is the difference between an exergonic and an endergonic reaction?

Back

Exergonic reactions release energy (negative ΔG), while endergonic reactions require energy input (positive ΔG).

Front

What factors can affect enzyme activity?

Back

Factors include temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators.