Sampling and Bias Quick Review

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What is systematic sampling?

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Systematic sampling is a method of sampling where every nth individual is selected from a list or sequence, starting from a randomly chosen point.

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Define parameter in the context of statistics.

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A parameter is a numerical characteristic or measure obtained by using all the data values from a specific population.

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What is convenience sampling?

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Convenience sampling is a non-probability sampling method where samples are selected based on their easy availability and proximity to the researcher.

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What is the difference between a sample and a population?

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A population includes all members of a defined group, while a sample is a subset of the population selected for analysis.

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What is the purpose of using sampling in research?

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Sampling is used in research to gather data from a subset of a population to make inferences about the entire population without needing to collect data from every individual.

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What is a sampling frame?

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A sampling frame is a list or database from which a sample is drawn, representing the population of interest.

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Explain the concept of bias in sampling.

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Bias in sampling occurs when certain members of the population are systematically more likely to be selected than others, leading to an unrepresentative sample.

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What is random sampling?

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Random sampling is a sampling method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected, ensuring that the sample is representative.

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What is stratified sampling?

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Stratified sampling is a method where the population is divided into subgroups (strata) based on shared characteristics, and samples are drawn from each stratum.

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What is the role of sample size in research?

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Sample size affects the reliability and validity of research findings; larger samples generally provide more accurate estimates of population parameters.