Cell Diversity/Structure Review

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the role of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?

Back

The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and is responsible for regulating gene expression and cell division.

Front

What structure contains the genetic material in eukaryotic cells?

Back

The nucleus contains the DNA in eukaryotic cells.

Front

List the Levels of Organization in biological systems from smallest to largest.

Back

Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, Organism.

Front

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Back

The endoplasmic reticulum is an internal membranous transport system that helps in the synthesis and transport of proteins and lipids.

Front

What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum and their functions?

Back

The two types are rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), which is studded with ribosomes and synthesizes proteins, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), which synthesizes lipids and detoxifies certain chemicals.

Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell and provides protection and structural support.

Front

What is cytoplasm and what is its role in the cell?

Back

Cytoplasm is the gel-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles and is the site for many metabolic processes.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, as they produce ATP through cellular respiration.