1 EOC Review- Biochemistry

Front

What are the main functions of lipids in biological systems?

Back

Lipids serve as long-term energy storage, form cell membranes, and act as signaling molecules.

Front

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is made up of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the role of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

Back

Hemoglobin binds to oxygen in red blood cells, facilitating oxygen transport throughout the body.

Front

Define organic compounds in the context of biochemistry.

Back

Organic compounds are carbon-containing compounds that are typically found in living organisms.

Front

What elements make up carbohydrates?

Back

Carbohydrates are composed of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O).

Front

What is the primary structure of proteins?

Back

The primary structure of proteins is the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Front

How do enzymes function as biological catalysts?

Back

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Back

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds.

Front

What is the significance of the cell membrane's phospholipid bilayer?

Back

The phospholipid bilayer forms the fundamental structure of cell membranes, providing a barrier that separates the interior of the cell from the external environment.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules in biology?

Back

The four main types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.