Gene Mutations

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A section of DNA that codes for a trait.

Front

Which base pair does guanine always pair with?

Back

Cytosine.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A mutation that occurs when a base pair is replaced with a different base pair.

Front

What happens during an insertion/addition mutation?

Back

A base pair is added to the DNA strand.

Front

What usually happens to a cell whose DNA has been damaged?

Back

It has trouble manufacturing certain proteins.

Front

What is DNA?

Back

Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information.

Front

What are the four main bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine.

Front

What is the role of DNA in cells?

Back

To store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A mutation that occurs when base pairs are added or deleted, altering the reading frame of the genetic code.

Front

What is the difference between a mutation and a polymorphism?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can affect function, while a polymorphism is a variation that does not typically affect function.