Central Dogma of Biology

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Front

What role does DNA play in the cell?

Back

DNA contains the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms, controlling the production of proteins.

Front

What is transcription in the context of the central dogma?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the information in a segment of DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA).

Front

What is translation in the context of the central dogma?

Back

Translation is the process by which the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is used to synthesize a corresponding sequence of amino acids to form a protein.

Front

What is the significance of codons in protein synthesis?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid in a protein.

Front

What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?

Back

Leucine.

Front

What is the flow of genetic information in a cell?

Back

The flow of genetic information is unidirectional: DNA -> RNA -> Protein.

Front

Why can't DNA leave the nucleus?

Back

DNA cannot leave the nucleus because it is protected within the nuclear envelope, and its information is transcribed into mRNA, which can exit the nucleus.

Front

What is the function of mRNA?

Back

mRNA serves as a template for protein synthesis, carrying genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins based on the sequence of mRNA.