Periodic Table

Metalloids are elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals. They are located along the zig-zag line on the periodic table, which separates metals from nonmetals.

Energy levels refer to the fixed distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons can be found. Each energy level can hold a certain number of electrons and corresponds to the rows (periods) of the periodic table.

Groups are the vertical columns in the periodic table. Elements in the same group share similar chemical properties and have the same number of valence electrons.

Periods are the horizontal rows in the periodic table. Each period corresponds to the number of energy levels that the elements in that row possess.

Metals are elements that are typically shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, and ductile. They are found on the left side and in the center of the periodic table.

The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom and determines the element's identity. It also indicates the position of the element in the periodic table.

Alkali metals are a group of highly reactive metals found in Group 1 of the periodic table. They include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.

Noble gases are elements in Group 18 of the periodic table. They are characterized by their lack of reactivity due to having a full valence shell of electrons.

Ionic bonds are formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in charged ions. Covalent bonds are formed when two atoms share electrons.

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and are involved in forming bonds with other atoms. The number of valence electrons determines an element's reactivity and bonding behavior.