Protein Synthesis and Mutations

Front

What is the process of making an mRNA strand from a DNA template called?

Back

Transcription

Front

What are the two main processes in the central dogma of protein synthesis, in order?

Back

Transcription, Translation

Front

What is the process of using an mRNA to make a protein called?

Back

Translation

Front

What is the mRNA sequence complementary to the DNA segment TAC?

Back

AUG

Front

What type of chromosome mutation involves a segment of DNA being moved to a different location?

Back

Translocation

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes facilitate the translation of mRNA into a protein.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.

Front

What is the difference between a point mutation and a frameshift mutation?

Back

A point mutation involves a change in a single nucleotide, while a frameshift mutation involves the insertion or deletion of nucleotides, altering the reading frame.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon in translation?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of protein synthesis.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids.