3.3 - Data Representation

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Number Bases

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Systems for representing numbers; common bases include decimal (base 10), binary (base 2), and hexadecimal (base 16).

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Binary

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A number system that uses two digits, 0 and 1, to represent values; fundamental to computer operations.

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Hexadecimal

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A base-16 number system using digits 0-9 and letters A-F; often used in computing for concise binary representation.

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Bit

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The smallest unit of data in computing, representing a binary value of 0 or 1.

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Byte

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A group of 8 bits; commonly used as a unit of data storage.

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Kilobyte (kB)

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Approximately 1,000 bytes; a unit of data storage.

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Megabyte (MB)

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Approximately 1,000,000 bytes; a unit of data storage.

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Gigabyte (GB)

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Approximately 1,000,000,000 bytes; a unit of data storage.

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Terabyte (TB)

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Approximately 1,000,000,000,000 bytes; a unit of data storage.

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Binary Shift

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An operation that moves bits left or right in a binary number, effectively multiplying or dividing by powers of two.