Mutations

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome, which can lead to changes in the organism's traits.

Front

What is a base substitution mutation?

Back

A base substitution mutation occurs when one nucleotide in the DNA sequence is replaced by another, potentially altering the amino acid sequence of a protein.

Front

What is a point mutation?

Back

A point mutation is a type of mutation that affects a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

An insertion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotides are added to the DNA sequence, which can disrupt the reading frame of the gene.

Front

What is a deletion mutation?

Back

A deletion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotides are removed from the DNA sequence, which can also disrupt the reading frame.

Front

What is the significance of the order of amino acids in a protein?

Back

The order of amino acids determines the protein's structure and function, as it dictates how the protein will fold.

Front

What is transcription in genetics?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the information in a DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA sequence.

Front

What are the RNA bases that pair with DNA bases during transcription?

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During transcription, adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G).

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

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A frameshift mutation is caused by insertions or deletions that change the reading frame of the genetic code, potentially altering all downstream amino acids.

Front

What is translocation in genetics?

Back

Translocation is a mutation where a segment of DNA is moved from one location to another within the genome.