Ionic and covalent bonds

Front

What is an ionic bond?

Back

An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond formed through the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, typically between a metal and a non-metal.

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Which elements typically form ionic bonds?

Back

Ionic bonds typically form between metals (which lose electrons) and non-metals (which gain electrons). For example, sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) form sodium chloride (NaCl).

Front

What is a covalent bond?

Back

A covalent bond is a type of chemical bond where two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons, typically between non-metal atoms.

Front

What is an example of an ionic compound?

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An example of an ionic compound is sodium chloride (NaCl), commonly known as table salt.

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What is an example of a covalent compound?

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An example of a covalent compound is water (H2O), where hydrogen and oxygen share electrons.

Front

Why do atoms form bonds?

Back

Atoms form bonds to achieve a full outermost energy level, which leads to greater stability.

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What is the octet rule?

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The octet rule states that atoms tend to form bonds in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stable electron configuration.

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What are valence electrons?

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Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in forming bonds.

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What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

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Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in charged ions, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Front

What is a noble gas?

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Noble gases are elements in Group 18 of the periodic table that have a full valence shell, making them generally unreactive and unlikely to form bonds.