AP Chemistry 4.1-4.4

Front

What is a balanced chemical equation?

Back

A balanced chemical equation has equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation, reflecting the conservation of mass.

Front

What are coefficients in a chemical equation?

Back

Coefficients are the numbers placed before compounds in a chemical equation to indicate the number of molecules or moles of that substance.

Front

How do you determine the coefficients needed to balance a chemical equation?

Back

To balance a chemical equation, adjust the coefficients to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.

Front

What are spectator ions?

Back

Spectator ions are ions that do not participate in the actual chemical reaction and remain unchanged in solution.

Front

What is a net ionic equation?

Back

A net ionic equation shows only the species that actually participate in the reaction, omitting spectator ions.

Front

What is the difference between a chemical and a physical process?

Back

A chemical process involves a change in the chemical composition of substances, while a physical process involves changes in physical state or appearance without altering the chemical composition.

Front

What is the significance of the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions?

Back

The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction, meaning the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.

Front

What is an aqueous solution?

Back

An aqueous solution is a solution in which water is the solvent.

Front

What does it mean for a substance to be soluble?

Back

A substance is soluble if it can dissolve in a solvent, forming a homogeneous mixture.

Front

What is the role of hydroxide ions (OH-) in chemical reactions?

Back

Hydroxide ions (OH-) can act as bases in reactions, often participating in neutralization reactions with acids.