Experimental Design

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What is Experimental Design?

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Experimental design is a structured approach to conducting experiments that allows researchers to determine the effects of one or more independent variables on a dependent variable.

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What is confounding in experimental design?

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Confounding occurs when an outside factor influences both the independent and dependent variables, making it difficult to determine the true effect of the treatment.

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What is the purpose of random assignment in experiments?

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Random assignment helps to ensure that treatment groups are similar in all respects except for the treatment, preventing confounding of results.

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Define blocking in experimental design.

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Blocking is a technique used to group similar experimental units together to reduce variability and ensure that the treatment effects can be more accurately assessed.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

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What is the placebo effect?

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The placebo effect is a phenomenon where participants experience a perceived improvement in their condition due to their belief in the treatment, even if the treatment has no therapeutic effect.

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How does increasing sample size affect the precision of estimates?

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Increasing the sample size generally leads to more precise (less variable) estimates, reducing the margin of error.

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What is blinding in experiments?

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Blinding is a technique where participants (single-blind) or both participants and researchers (double-blind) are unaware of which treatment is being administered to prevent bias.

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What is the difference between an independent variable and a dependent variable?

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The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed in an experiment, while the dependent variable is the outcome that is measured.

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What is a treatment group?

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A treatment group is a group of subjects that receives the experimental treatment or intervention being tested.

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What is a control group?

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A control group is a group of subjects that does not receive the experimental treatment and is used as a benchmark to measure the effects of the treatment.