Biol160 Chapter 10

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T) and Guanine pairs with Cytosine (G-C).

Front

What percentage of DNA bases is guanine if adenine makes up 20%?

Back

30% of the bases are guanine.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into proteins.

Front

What are mutagens?

Back

Physical and chemical agents that cause changes in a nucleotide sequence.

Front

What enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA?

Back

RNA polymerase.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.

Front

What is the function of RNA?

Back

RNA serves as a template for protein synthesis and carries genetic information.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A mutation caused by insertions or deletions that shift the reading frame of the genetic code.

Front

What is a nonsense mutation?

Back

A mutation that creates a premature stop codon in the protein sequence.