Cell Membrane and Transport Flashcard Review

Front

What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?

Back

Proteins are responsible for forming the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer, facilitating the transport of substances across the cell membrane.

Front

Which type of passive transport uses transport proteins to transport items such as glucose through the membrane?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is the type of passive transport that uses transport proteins to help move substances like glucose across the cell membrane.

Front

What is a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid is a molecule that makes up the cell membrane, consisting of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails.

Front

What is the structure of the phospholipid bilayer?

Back

The phospholipid bilayer consists of two layers of phospholipids, with the hydrophilic heads facing outward towards the water and the hydrophobic tails facing inward, away from the water.

Front

What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

Back

Cholesterol helps to stabilize the fluidity of the cell membrane, making it less permeable to very small water-soluble molecules that might otherwise pass freely through.

Front

What term describes a solution that has the same solute concentration inside of and outside of the cell?

Back

Isotonic solution is one where the solute concentration is equal inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy, typically moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses transport proteins to help move molecules across the cell membrane.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (usually in the form of ATP) to move molecules from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.