Protein Synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA.

Front

What is translation?

Back

The process by which ribosomes read mRNA sequences to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into amino acids.

Front

How many nucleotides are in a codon?

Back

Three nucleotides.

Front

What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?

Back

Leucine.

Front

What is the start codon?

Back

AUG, which codes for the amino acid Methionine and signals the start of translation.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

It is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA is translated into the amino acid sequence of proteins.