Forensic Science DNA Analysis Techniques

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What is the purpose of PCR?

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The purpose of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is to amplify or copy DNA, making millions or billions of copies of a specific DNA segment.

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What tool should biologists use to create additional copies of a DNA fragment?

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Biologists should use PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) to create additional copies of a DNA fragment.

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What does PCR analysis do?

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PCR analysis is a technique used to make many copies (millions or billions) of a particular region of DNA.

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Why do DNA fragments travel away from the negative electrode in gel electrophoresis?

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DNA is negatively charged, so it is attracted to the positive end of the gel electrophoresis unit.

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What is a restriction enzyme?

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A restriction enzyme is a special protein that targets a specific base sequence and cuts DNA into smaller fragments.

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What is gel electrophoresis used for?

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Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments based on their size by applying an electric current.

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What is the role of agarose gel in gel electrophoresis?

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Agarose gel acts as a medium through which DNA fragments can move; smaller fragments move faster than larger ones.

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What is the significance of DNA amplification in forensic science?

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DNA amplification is crucial in forensic science as it allows for the analysis of small or degraded DNA samples.

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What is the difference between PCR and gel electrophoresis?

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PCR is used to amplify DNA, while gel electrophoresis is used to separate and analyze the amplified DNA fragments.

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What is the function of DNA polymerase in PCR?

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DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the growing DNA chain during PCR.