Quick 10Q: Cell Communication

Front

What is the difference between paracrine and hormone signaling?

Back

Hormone signaling involves the bloodstream and is long-distance, while paracrine signaling involves extracellular fluid and is short-distance.

Front

What is the correct order of steps for a signal transduction pathway?

Back

Reception -> Transduction -> Response

Front

What is a potential response for the cell during signal transduction?

Back

Transcription Factor

Front

What is a phosphorylation cascade?

Back

A process where protein kinase adds a phosphate to a relay molecule, causing a change in shape to activate it.

Front

Where does the ligand bind to initiate signal transduction?

Back

Receptor

Front

Define signal transduction.

Back

The process by which a cell responds to external signals through a series of molecular events.

Front

What role do receptors play in cell communication?

Back

Receptors bind to ligands and initiate signal transduction pathways.

Front

What is a ligand?

Back

A molecule that binds to a receptor to initiate a biological response.

Front

Explain the term 'conformational change' in the context of receptors.

Back

A conformational change is a structural alteration in a receptor that occurs upon ligand binding, enabling signal transduction.

Front

What is the function of a transcription factor in cell signaling?

Back

Transcription factors regulate gene expression in response to signaling pathways.