AP Stats - Hypothesis Tests for Proportions

Front

What is the significance level (α) in hypothesis testing?

Back

The significance level (α) is the probability of committing a Type I error, which is rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true.

Front

What does a power of a test indicate?

Back

The power of a test is the probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.

Front

What is a Type I error?

Back

A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected when it is actually true.

Front

What is a Type II error?

Back

A Type II error occurs when the null hypothesis is not rejected when the alternative hypothesis is true.

Front

What is a p-value?

Back

A p-value is the probability of obtaining results as extreme as the observed results, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.

Front

What does it mean if the p-value is less than the significance level (α)?

Back

If the p-value is less than α, we reject the null hypothesis, indicating that there is sufficient evidence to support the alternative hypothesis.

Front

What is a null hypothesis (H0)?

Back

The null hypothesis (H0) is a statement that there is no effect or no difference, and it serves as the default assumption in hypothesis testing.

Front

What is an alternative hypothesis (Ha)?

Back

The alternative hypothesis (Ha) is a statement that indicates the presence of an effect or a difference, opposing the null hypothesis.

Front

What is a sampling distribution?

Back

A sampling distribution is the distribution of all possible values of a statistic (like a sample mean) calculated from all possible samples of a given size.

Front

What is the relationship between sample size and the power of a test?

Back

As the sample size increases, the power of the test generally increases, making it more likely to detect a true effect.