AP Chemistry -Unit 2 - Thou Shall Not Forget

Front

What is a dipole in a molecule?

Back

A dipole is a separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule, resulting from differences in electronegativity between atoms.

Front

Which atom is more electronegative: Hydrogen or Fluorine?

Back

Fluorine is more electronegative than Hydrogen.

Front

What are the products of a combustion reaction?

Back

Combustion reactions typically produce Water Vapor (H2O) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2).

Front

Define polar molecules.

Back

Polar molecules have an uneven distribution of charge, resulting in a positive end and a negative end.

Front

What is the hybridization of carbon in methane (CH4)?

Back

The hybridization of carbon in methane (CH4) is sp³.

Front

How do you determine if a molecule is polar or nonpolar?

Back

A molecule is polar if it has asymmetrical charge distribution; it is nonpolar if the charge distribution is symmetrical.

Front

What is the significance of molecular geometry in determining polarity?

Back

Molecular geometry affects the distribution of dipoles; asymmetrical shapes lead to polar molecules.

Front

What is hybridization in chemistry?

Back

Hybridization is the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals for bonding.

Front

What is the hybridization of carbon in carbon dioxide (CO2)?

Back

The hybridization of carbon in carbon dioxide (CO2) is sp.

Front

Explain why asymmetrical molecules are polar.

Back

Asymmetrical molecules are polar because their dipoles do not cancel out due to their shape.