Front

What is Type 4 Hemiplegia?

Back

Type 4 hemiplegia involves marked proximal involvement similar to spastic diplegia but is unilateral, causing marked asymmetry, including pelvic retraction.

Front

What are the symptoms of Type 4 Hemiplegia in the sagittal plane?

Back

In the sagittal plane, symptoms include equinus, a flexed stiff knee, a flexed hip, and an anterior pelvic tilt.

Front

What are the symptoms of Type 4 Hemiplegia in the coronal and transverse planes?

Back

In the coronal plane, there is hip adduction, and in the transverse plane, there is internal rotation.

Front

What is the management approach for Type 4 Hemiplegia?

Back

Management is similar to Type 2 and Type 3 hemiplegia for distal problems, with a focus on addressing hip subluxation through radiographic examination and surgical interventions like adductor lengthening and femur osteotomy.

Front

What are the impacts and consequences of Type 4 Hemiplegia?

Back

Impacts include mobility challenges, balance issues, fatigue, difficulty with stairs and uneven surfaces, limited independence, pain, discomfort, and reduced social interaction.

Front

How does Type 4 Hemiplegia affect social interaction?

Back

Reduced mobility may limit social participation, impacting emotional well-being and causing withdrawal from society.

Front

What are some treatment and management options for Type 4 Hemiplegia?

Back

Treatment includes rehabilitation through physical and occupational therapies, muscle relaxants, Botox, bracing, assistive devices, and surgery for severe cases.

Front

What is the role of customized insoles in managing hemiplegia?

Back

Customized insoles improve gait performance, increase weight-bearing, enhance motor function, balance, and daily life activities.

Front

How do joint kinematics differ in hemiplegia patients?

Back

Joint kinematics differ in stance and swing phases, with limited ankle dorsiflexion causing compensatory movements like hip flexion and trunk leaning.

Front

What are some orthotic treatments for children with hemiplegia?

Back

Milder cases might use a leaf spring or hinged AFO, while moderate cases benefit from a plantar flexion stop, Botox, and exercises to reduce spasticity.