Chem. Review: Periodic Trends- Chap. 6

Front

What is the atomic radius?

Back

A measure of the size of an atom, typically the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron shell.

Front

Which element has a smaller atomic radius: potassium (K) or bromine (Br)?

Back

Bromine (Br) has a smaller atomic radius than potassium (K).

Front

What determines the chemical properties of elements in the same group?

Back

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.

Front

What is the significance of valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons determine an atom's ability to bond with other atoms and its chemical reactivity.

Front

What is the general trend of atomic radius in the periodic table?

Back

Atomic radius increases down a group and decreases across a period from left to right.

Front

What is electronegativity?

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons.

Front

How does electronegativity change across a period?

Back

Electronegativity generally increases across a period from left to right.

Front

What is the relationship between atomic size and ionization energy?

Back

As atomic size decreases, ionization energy generally increases because the electrons are held more tightly by the nucleus.

Front

What is a stable electron configuration?

Back

A stable electron configuration is achieved when an atom's outer energy level is filled with electrons, typically having 8 valence electrons.

Front

What is the difference between metals and nonmetals in terms of electronegativity?

Back

Metals generally have low electronegativity, while nonmetals have high electronegativity.