Transcription and Translation

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a gene's DNA sequence into RNA.

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA sequence.

Front

What is the role of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) delivers specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis and contains an anti-codon that pairs with mRNA.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in translation?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

Front

What is RNA polymerase?

Back

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during transcription.

Front

What are the four nucleotide bases found in RNA?

Back

The four nucleotide bases in RNA are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.

Front

What is an anti-codon?

Back

An anti-codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that pairs with a complementary codon in mRNA.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

How many types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis?

Back

Three types of RNA are involved: mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).