Biology Unit 6 Molecular Genetics

Front

What is a single gene mutation?

Back

A change in the base sequence of DNA that can lead to alterations in the gene's function.

Front

What is transcription in molecular genetics?

Back

The process of converting DNA into RNA.

Front

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

In the nucleus.

Front

Where does translation occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

In the cytoplasm.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is packed tightly into the shape of a double helix.

Front

What is translation in molecular genetics?

Back

The process of converting mRNA codons into a sequence of amino acids to form proteins.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the role of RNA polymerase?

Back

An enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during transcription.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

Front

What is a mutagen?

Back

An agent that causes changes in the DNA sequence, potentially leading to mutations.