Genetics and Mutations Re-test

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

What does the codon UAA signify?

Back

The codon UAA is a stop codon, signaling the termination of protein synthesis.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are added or deleted from the DNA sequence, causing a shift in the reading frame of the codons.

Front

What organelle does mRNA travel to after leaving the nucleus?

Back

mRNA travels to the ribosome after leaving the nucleus.

Front

What is the process of translating mRNA into a protein called?

Back

The process of translating mRNA into a protein is called translation.

Front

What amino acid does the codon CAU code for?

Back

The codon CAU codes for the amino acid Histidine.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins by reading mRNA sequences.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is the difference between deletion and substitution mutations?

Back

Deletion mutations involve the loss of nucleotides, while substitution mutations involve replacing one nucleotide with another.

Front

What is the significance of stop codons?

Back

Stop codons signal the end of protein synthesis, ensuring that the protein is completed correctly.