Protein Synthesis

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What is Protein Synthesis?

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The process by which cells generate proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

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What is Transcription?

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The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which carries the genetic information to the ribosome.

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What is Translation?

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The process where ribosomes synthesize proteins by decoding mRNA into a specific sequence of amino acids.

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What is mRNA?

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Messenger RNA, a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

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What is tRNA?

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Transfer RNA, a type of RNA that brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

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What is rRNA?

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Ribosomal RNA, a component of ribosomes that helps in the synthesis of proteins.

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What is a Codon?

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A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

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What is an Amino Acid?

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The building blocks of proteins, which are linked together in a specific sequence to form a protein.

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What is the role of Ribosomes in Protein Synthesis?

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Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that facilitate the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain (protein).

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What is the Genetic Code?

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The set of rules by which information encoded in mRNA is translated into proteins, consisting of codons.