Macromolecules

Front

What are macromolecules?

Back

Large, complex molecules that are essential for life, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

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Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.

Front

What are nucleotides?

Back

The monomers that make up nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are monosaccharides?

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The simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of single sugar molecules like glucose and fructose.

Front

What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

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To provide energy and serve as structural components in cells.

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What are lipids?

Back

A group of hydrophobic molecules that include fats, oils, and phospholipids, primarily used for energy storage and making up cell membranes.

Front

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Back

A molecule with a hydrophilic (water-attracting) 'head' and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) 'tails', forming a bilayer in cell membranes.

Front

What are proteins made of?

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Long chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, folding into specific three-dimensional shapes.

Front

What is the role of enzymes?

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Proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in the body.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

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Amino acids.