Bio Unit 3

Front

What are Proto-oncogenes?

Back

Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that control cell growth and differentiation. When mutated, they can become oncogenes, leading to uncontrolled cell division.

Front

What happens during Metaphase?

Back

During Metaphase, chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, and spindle fibers attach to their centromeres, preparing for separation.

Front

What role do Spindle fibers play in cell division?

Back

Spindle fibers align chromosomes in the middle of the cell and help separate them to opposite sides during cell division.

Front

What is the G1 checkpoint?

Back

The G1 checkpoint ensures that the cell has grown to the correct size and is ready for DNA replication in the S phase.

Front

What phase follows Metaphase in cell division?

Back

Anaphase follows Metaphase, where the chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell.

Front

Define Tumor Suppressor Genes.

Back

Tumor suppressor genes are genes that help prevent uncontrolled cell growth. When these genes are mutated, they can lead to cancer.

Front

What is the function of Centromeres?

Back

Centromeres are the regions of chromosomes where sister chromatids are joined and where spindle fibers attach during cell division.

Front

What occurs during Telophase?

Back

During Telophase, the chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell, and the nuclear envelope begins to reform around each set of chromosomes.

Front

What is the significance of the G2 checkpoint?

Back

The G2 checkpoint ensures that the cell is ready to enter mitosis by checking for DNA damage and ensuring DNA replication is complete.

Front

What is Interphase?

Back

Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division, consisting of G1, S, and G2 phases.