Force and Motion Review

Front

What is inertia?

Back

Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

Front

What causes a person to fall backward when a train suddenly moves forward?

Back

A person falls backward due to inertia, as their body resists the change in motion when the train accelerates.

Front

What is the difference between balanced and unbalanced forces?

Back

Balanced forces are equal in size and opposite in direction, resulting in no change in motion. Unbalanced forces result in a change in motion.

Front

What happens when two teams pull with the same amount of force?

Back

If two teams pull with the same amount of force, they will not move at all, as the forces are balanced.

Front

What is the role of friction when pulling an object up a ramp?

Back

Friction opposes the motion of the object. Increasing friction (e.g., by adding sandpaper) requires more force to pull the object up the ramp.

Front

What is mass?

Back

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, typically measured in kilograms or grams.

Front

What is weight?

Back

Weight is the force exerted by gravity on an object, calculated as the mass of the object multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s² on Earth).

Front

What is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?

Back

According to Newton's second law, force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma). This means that the greater the mass of an object, the more force is needed to accelerate it.

Front

What is an example of an unbalanced force?

Back

An example of an unbalanced force is when a person pushes a stationary car, causing it to move. The force applied is greater than the opposing forces.

Front

What is the effect of gravity on objects in motion?

Back

Gravity pulls objects toward the center of the Earth, affecting their motion and causing them to accelerate downward.