Protein Synthesis EOC review

Front

What is gene expression?

Back

Gene expression is the activation of a gene that results in transcription, leading to the production of RNA and proteins.

Front

What process involves the synthesis of proteins from mRNA?

Back

Translation is the process that involves the synthesis of proteins from mRNA.

Front

What type of mutation is characterized by the removal of one or more nucleotides?

Back

A deletion frameshift mutation is characterized by the removal of one or more nucleotides, altering the reading frame.

Front

What type of mutation occurs when a nucleotide is added to the DNA sequence?

Back

An insertion mutation occurs when a nucleotide is added to the DNA sequence.

Front

Where does translation occur in the cell?

Back

Translation occurs at the ribosome in the cytoplasm.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the codons on the mRNA.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by insertions or deletions that shift the reading frame of the genetic message.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying DNA into RNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from RNA.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation is a type of mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by another, potentially altering the amino acid sequence.