Protein Synthesis

Front

What are the components of a DNA nucleotide?

Back

A DNA nucleotide is made up of a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).

Front

How many nucleotides are needed to code for one amino acid?

Back

Three nucleotides are needed to code for one amino acid.

Front

What is the function of anti-codons in protein synthesis?

Back

Anti-codons ensure the correct amino acid is added during protein synthesis by matching with the corresponding codon on mRNA.

Front

What two components are found on a molecule of tRNA?

Back

A molecule of tRNA carries an amino acid and has an anticodon.

Front

How many codons correspond to one amino acid?

Back

One codon corresponds to one amino acid.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins by linking amino acids together.

Front

What is translation in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process of decoding mRNA to synthesize a polypeptide chain (protein) using tRNA.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.