Ch 8 - Muscular System Retake Review

Front

What is hypertrophy?

Back

Hypertrophy is the enlargement of muscle fibers due to increased workload, commonly seen in weightlifting.

Front

What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction?

Back

The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores calcium ions and releases them during muscle contraction, but it does not release acetylcholine.

Front

What is the Z disk in muscle anatomy?

Back

The Z disk is the boundary between sarcomeres, serving as an anchor for actin filaments.

Front

What happens to calcium levels during sustained muscle contraction?

Back

Calcium levels remain high, allowing the muscle to continue contracting.

Front

What is glycolysis?

Back

Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose to produce ATP without the use of oxygen, especially during anaerobic exercise.

Front

What is atrophy in the context of muscles?

Back

Atrophy is the decrease in muscle size and strength due to disuse or lack of stimulation.

Front

What is the function of acetylcholine in muscle contraction?

Back

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that transmits signals from nerves to muscles, initiating contraction.

Front

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Back

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to produce ATP, while anaerobic respiration does not.

Front

What is the M Line in muscle anatomy?

Back

The M Line is the middle line of the sarcomere, where myosin filaments are anchored.

Front

What is the H Line in muscle anatomy?

Back

The H Line is the region in the sarcomere where only myosin filaments are present, during relaxation.