AP Bio Unit 3

Front

What is glycolysis?

Back

Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules.

Front

Where does glycolysis occur?

Back

Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.

Front

What is the main purpose of the Krebs Cycle?

Back

The main purpose of the Krebs Cycle is to break down pyruvate to produce electron carrier molecules (FADH2 and NADH), CO2, and a small amount of ATP.

Front

What are the byproducts of the Krebs Cycle?

Back

The byproducts of the Krebs Cycle include carbon dioxide (CO2), FADH2, NADH, and a small amount of ATP.

Front

What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?

Back

Enzymes denature at high temperatures, losing their functional shape and activity.

Front

What is enzyme denaturation?

Back

Denaturation is the process where an enzyme loses its three-dimensional structure due to external stress, such as high temperature or extreme pH.

Front

How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

Back

Temperature affects enzyme activity; each enzyme has an optimum temperature range where it functions best.

Front

What happens to enzyme activity if the temperature falls below the optimum?

Back

If the temperature falls below the optimum, enzyme activity typically decreases due to reduced kinetic energy and potential changes in the enzyme's shape.

Front

What is the role of NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration?

Back

NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers that transport high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain, where ATP is produced.

Front

What is the electron transport chain?

Back

The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane that transfer electrons and pump protons to create a proton gradient for ATP synthesis.