Bio Unit 3

Front

What are mutated suppressor genes?

Back

Mutated suppressor genes are genes that normally help prevent uncontrolled cell division and repair damaged DNA. When mutated, they lose their function, leading to the proliferation of cells with mutations.

Front

What form is DNA in during Interphase?

Back

During Interphase, DNA is in the form of chromatin, which is a less condensed form that allows for gene expression and DNA replication.

Front

What is the function of the Mitosis checkpoint?

Back

The Mitosis checkpoint checks for errors in chromosome separation before the cell completes cytokinesis, ensuring that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes.

Front

What happens during Prophase?

Back

During Prophase, the nuclear membrane dissolves, and DNA condenses into visible chromosomes, preparing the cell for mitosis.

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is an enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of DNA, forming the replication fork, which is essential for DNA replication.

Front

Define oncogenes.

Back

Oncogenes are mutated forms of proto-oncogenes that promote uncontrolled cell division and can lead to cancer.

Front

What are proto-oncogenes?

Back

Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that can become oncogenes when mutated or expressed at high levels, leading to cancer.

Front

What is chromatin?

Back

Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, which condenses to form chromosomes during cell division.

Front

What occurs during the G1 checkpoint?

Back

The G1 checkpoint assesses the cell's size, DNA integrity, and environmental conditions before allowing the cell to proceed to DNA synthesis.

Front

What is the significance of the G2 checkpoint?

Back

The G2 checkpoint ensures that DNA has been replicated correctly and checks for any DNA damage before the cell enters mitosis.