Front

What is the main function of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Back

NAD+ acts as an electron carrier, accepting electrons during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, and is reduced to NADH.

Front

What is the primary role of FAD in the citric acid cycle?

Back

FAD serves as an electron carrier, accepting electrons and being reduced to FADH2 during the cycle.

Front

What are the end products of glycolysis?

Back

The end products of glycolysis are 2 pyruvate molecules, 2 ATP, and 2 NADH.

Front

What occurs during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Back

Water is oxidized, producing oxygen, and ATP and NADPH are generated.

Front

What is the Calvin Cycle's main function?

Back

The Calvin Cycle, also known as the light-independent reactions, uses ATP and NADPH to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.

Front

How many ATP molecules are produced in glycolysis?

Back

A net output of 2 ATP molecules is produced in glycolysis.

Front

What is oxidative phosphorylation?

Back

Oxidative phosphorylation is the process by which ATP is produced using the energy from electrons transferred through the electron transport chain.

Front

What is the significance of the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration?

Back

The citric acid cycle generates electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) that are used in oxidative phosphorylation to produce ATP.

Front

What is fermentation, and when does it occur?

Back

Fermentation is an anaerobic process that occurs when oxygen is not available, allowing glycolysis to continue by regenerating NAD+.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP serves as the primary energy currency of the cell, providing energy for various biochemical reactions.