Cell Theory, Macromolecules, and Cell Organelles

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What is Cell Theory?

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Cell Theory states that: 1) All living things are made up of cells, 2) Cells are the basic unit of life, 3) All cells come from pre-existing cells.

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What are macromolecules?

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Macromolecules are large molecules essential for life, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

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What is the function of lipids in cells?

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Lipids are used to build cell membranes and store energy. They are hydrophobic and do not dissolve in water.

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What are the main components of a cell membrane?

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The cell membrane is primarily composed of a phospholipid bilayer, proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates.

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What is the role of mitochondria in a cell?

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Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell; they break down food to produce energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

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What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

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Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, converting sunlight into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water.

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Who is Robert Hooke?

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Robert Hooke was a scientist who discovered and named cells while observing cork under a microscope.

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What are ribosomes?

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Ribosomes are the 'protein-makers' of the cell, where amino acids are assembled into proteins.

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What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

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Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do.

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What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the synthesis of proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER), and it also helps in transporting materials within the cell.