DNA, Genes, & Heredity Vocab Flashcards

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DNA

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Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms.

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Adenine

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One of the four nucleotide bases in DNA and RNA, pairing with thymine in DNA.

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Thymine

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One of the four nucleotide bases in DNA, pairing with adenine in DNA.

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Guanine

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One of the four nucleotide bases in DNA and RNA, pairing with cytosine in DNA.

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Cytosine

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One of the four nucleotide bases in DNA and RNA, pairing with guanine in DNA.

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Molecule

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A group of two or more atoms bonded together.

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Gene

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A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein or set of proteins, determining inherited traits in living organisms.

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Allele

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Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome, contributing to variation in traits.

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Genotype

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The genetic makeup of an individual, determining potential traits.

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Phenotype

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The observable characteristics or traits of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.