3.2.2 Immune Defense

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What is active immunity?

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Active immunity is the immunity that develops as a result of exposure to a pathogen or through vaccination, leading to the production of antibodies.

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What is passive immunity?

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Passive immunity is the short-term immunity that is acquired by receiving antibodies from another source, such as breastfeeding or antibody injections.

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What is innate immunity?

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Innate immunity is the natural defense system that is present at birth and provides immediate, non-specific protection against pathogens.

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What is acquired immunity?

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Acquired immunity is the immunity that develops over time as a result of exposure to specific pathogens, leading to a stronger and more targeted immune response.

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What are physical barriers in the immune system?

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Physical barriers are the first line of defense against pathogens, including skin and mucous membranes that prevent entry.

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What are chemical barriers in the immune system?

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Chemical barriers include substances like enzymes and acids that destroy pathogens on surfaces such as skin and in secretions.

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What is the role of white blood cells in the immune system?

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White blood cells, or leukocytes, are crucial for identifying and attacking pathogens, playing a key role in both innate and acquired immunity.

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What is the function of antibodies?

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Antibodies are proteins produced by B cells that specifically recognize and bind to antigens on pathogens, marking them for destruction.

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What is the difference between humoral and cell-mediated immunity?

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Humoral immunity involves B cells and the production of antibodies, while cell-mediated immunity involves T cells that directly attack infected cells.

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What is vaccination?

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Vaccination is the process of introducing a harmless form of a pathogen into the body to stimulate an immune response and build immunity.