Chemistry Semester 1 Review

Front

What is the definition of matter?

Back

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

Front

What are the three states of matter?

Back

Solid, liquid, and gas.

Front

What is the periodic table?

Back

A tabular arrangement of elements organized by increasing atomic number, showing periodic trends.

Front

What are valence electrons?

Back

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that determine its chemical properties.

Front

How do you convert a number to scientific notation?

Back

Move the decimal point to create a number between 1 and 10, then multiply by 10 raised to the power of the number of places moved.

Front

What is the formula for calculating pressure using the ideal gas law?

Back

PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin.

Front

What is an isotope?

Back

Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Front

What is the significance of Roman numerals in chemical naming?

Back

Roman numerals indicate the oxidation state of a metal in a compound.

Front

What is the difference between an element and a compound?

Back

An element is a pure substance made of one type of atom, while a compound is made of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together.

Front

What is the atomic number of an element?

Back

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity.