PBS 2.2.2 DNA & Protein Synthesis IEP

Front

What is a nitrogenous base?

Back

A nitrogenous base is a molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base. In DNA, the nitrogenous bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What is a genome?

Back

The genome is the complete set of DNA, including all of its genes, in an organism. It contains all the information needed for the growth, development, and functioning of that organism.

Front

What is DNA deletion mutation?

Back

A deletion mutation occurs when a section of DNA is removed or lost. This can lead to a shift in the reading frame of the genetic code, potentially altering the resulting protein.

Front

What base pairs with Guanine (G) in DNA?

Back

Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G) in DNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of mRNA.

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What is the process of translation?

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Translation is the process by which the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is used to assemble a chain of amino acids, forming a protein.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a nitrogenous base, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What is the significance of the double helix structure of DNA?

Back

The double helix structure of DNA allows for the efficient storage of genetic information and provides a mechanism for replication.